Smart Pills in Pharmacy: Monitoring Adherence and Drug Response Through Ingestible Tech

Abstract

Smart pills, or ingestible sensors, represent a transformative innovation in pharmaceutical care by enabling real-time monitoring of patient adherence and physiological responses to medications. This review explores the development, mechanisms, applications, and challenges of smart pill technology, with a focus on its role in enhancing medication adherence, optimizing therapeutic outcomes, and integrating with digital health ecosystems. The paper also discusses regulatory, ethical, and economic considerations, while highlighting future directions for clinical implementation.